This is a Kernel patched with the PREEMPT_RT realtime patch set [1] for realtime [2] support.
In can be wrong as I do not know your use case, but normally this is not needed or wanted on server hardware for virtualization.
Some disadvantages I can think of at the moment would be:
* it's not explicitly tested on Proxmox VE
* realtime patched kernel have also not much exposure to Hypervisor systems running KVM + LXC machines, AFAIK
* If you use ZFS you need to install the module with DKMS
Other than that you have to try if it works for you.
If you are able to wait a bit more for a new kernel, PVE 5 will include 4.9 or 4.10 kernel [3]
[1]
https://packages.debian.org/jessie-backports/linux-image-4.9.0-0.bpo.1-rt-amd64-unsigned
[2]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_computing
[3]
https://forum.proxmox.com/threads/pve-5-0-eta.33159/#post-162622