If now Sender A sends mail6. Without AWL spamassasin will calculate a score of 6 (=spam), this mail would be filtered by the mail gateway
AWL is a feature to gain a better result. It looks at the sender's hinstory and current score and calculate an average. (2+2.5+2.5+2+1+6)/6 = 16/6 = 2.6
With AWL mail6 has a score of 2.6 points and will not be declared as spam.
AWL is good feature to prevent false-positive, because historical communication influenes score calculation.