intel_iommu defaulted to on in kernels 5.15 based kernels up to pve-kernel-5.15.35-3-pve with version 5.15.35-6. An enabled IOMMU can cause problems with older hardware - issues were reported with, for example, HP DL380 g8 servers, and Dell R610 servers (both older than 10 years).
The issue can be fixed by explicitly disabling intel_iommu on the kernel commandline (intel_iommu=off) following the reference documentation - https://pve.proxmox.com/pve-docs/chapter-sysadmin.html#sysboot_edit_kernel_cmdline
As the setting has been reverted in newer pve-kernel-5.15 packages the issue is now mostly relevant during installation from the ISO.
Certain systems may need to explicitly enable iommu=pt (SR-IOV pass-through) on the kernel command line.
There are some reports for this to solve issues with Avago/LSI RAID controllers, for example in a Dell R340 Server booted in legacy mode.
Certain systems may need to work around a HW issue with TDP (two-dimensional paging), a now by default enabled technic to speed up VM to host, or vice versa, switches.
If you see a kernel log message containing KVM: entry failed, hardware error 0x80000021 you are affected.
This has been adressed with the kernel package pve-kernel-5.15.39-3-pve with version 5.15.39-3 and newer, which is available on all repositories.