[SOLVED] i5-14500t LXC passthrough Intel GPU for video transcoding

T

TimothyFriesen

New Member
Nov 12, 2025
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I am trying to set up an LXC container for Unmanic to use QSV to transcode some files. Here is what I have set up so far:

/etc/default/grub:
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`( . /etc/os-release && echo ${NAME} )`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet intel_iommu=on iommu=pt"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

/etc/modules:
vfio
vfio_iommu_type1
vfio_pci
vfio_virqfd

Install:
intel-media-va-driver
libmfx-gen1.2

I have installed Unmanic privileged and can see the following:

ls -l /dev/dri
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Nov 12 12:33 by-path
crw-rw---- 1 root video 226, 1 Nov 12 12:33 card1
crw-rw---- 1 root render 226, 128 Nov 12 12:33 renderD128

Root is a member of render and video:
ls -l /dev/dri
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Nov 12 12:33 by-path
crw-rw---- 1 root video 226, 1 Nov 12 12:33 card1
crw-rw---- 1 root render 226, 128 Nov 12 12:33 renderD128

root@unmanic:~# vainfo
Trying display: wayland
error: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is invalid or not set in the environment.
Trying display: x11
error: can't connect to X server!
Trying display: drm
libva info: VA-API version 1.22.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_22
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.22 (libva 2.22.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 25.2.3 ()
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointVideoProc
VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointStats
VAProfileMPEG2Simple : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileMPEG2Main : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264Main : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264High : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileJPEGBaseline : VAEntrypointEncPicture
VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain10 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileVP9Profile0 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile0 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileVP9Profile1 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile1 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileVP9Profile2 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile2 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileVP9Profile3 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileVP9Profile3 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCMain12 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain422_10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain422_12 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain444 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain444 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCMain444_10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCMain444_10 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCMain444_12 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCSccMain : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCSccMain : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCSccMain10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCSccMain10 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCSccMain444 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCSccMain444 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
VAProfileHEVCSccMain444_10 : VAEntrypointVLD
VAProfileHEVCSccMain444_10 : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP

Now, when I try to transcode the file in Unmanic it uses this command:
ffmpeg -hide_banner -loglevel info -init_hw_device qsv=qsv0 -filter_hw_device qsv0 -i '/mnt/Downloads/media/tv/MasterChef Canada/Season 8/MasterChef Canada - S08E01.mkv' -strict -2 -max_muxing_queue_size 4096 -filter_complex '[0:v:0]format=nv12[0:vf:0-1];[0:vf:0-1]format=nv12,hwupload=extra_hw_frames=64,format=qsv,vpp_qsv=format=nv12[0:vf:0-2]' -map '[0:vf:0-2]' -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s:0 -c:v:0 av1_qsv -global_quality 23 -look_ahead_depth 100 -extbrc 1 -preset slow -c:a:0 copy -c:s:0 copy -y '/tmp/unmanic/unmanic_file_conversion-pvlke-1762974302/MasterChef Canada - S08E01-pvlke-1762974302-WORKING-1-1.mp4'

and gives this output:

libva info: VA-API version 1.22.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_22
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
libva info: VA-API version 1.22.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_22
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
Input #0, matroska,webm, from '/mnt/Downloads/media/tv/MasterChef Canada/Season 8/MasterChef Canada - S08E01.mkv':
Metadata:
title : MasterChef.Canada.S08E01.Black.Apron.Battle.1080p.CRAV.WEB-DL.DD5.1.H.264-BLOOM
encoder : libebml v1.4.5 + libmatroska v1.7.1
Duration: 00:45:48.85, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 7400 kb/s
Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (High), yuv420p(tv, bt709, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 1k tbn (default)
Metadata:
BPS : 7013385
DURATION : 00:45:48.846000000
NUMBER_OF_FRAMES: 82383
NUMBER_OF_BYTES : 2409839600
_STATISTICS_WRITING_APP: mkvmerge v93.0 ('Goblu') 64-bit
_STATISTICS_TAGS: BPS DURATION NUMBER_OF_FRAMES NUMBER_OF_BYTES
Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: ac3, 48000 Hz, 5.1(side), fltp, 384 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
BPS : 384000
DURATION : 00:45:48.800000000
NUMBER_OF_FRAMES: 85900
NUMBER_OF_BYTES : 131942400
_STATISTICS_WRITING_APP: mkvmerge v93.0 ('Goblu') 64-bit
_STATISTICS_TAGS: BPS DURATION NUMBER_OF_FRAMES NUMBER_OF_BYTES
Stream #0:2(eng): Subtitle: subrip (srt)
Metadata:
title : English
BPS : 257
DURATION : 00:45:45.042000000
NUMBER_OF_FRAMES: 1225
NUMBER_OF_BYTES : 88324
_STATISTICS_WRITING_APP: mkvmerge v93.0 ('Goblu') 64-bit
_STATISTICS_TAGS: BPS DURATION NUMBER_OF_FRAMES NUMBER_OF_BYTES
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 (h264) -> format:default
vpp_qsv:default -> Stream #0:0 (av1_qsv)
Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (copy)
Stream #0:2 -> #0:2 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf6dfac0] Selected ratecontrol mode is unsupported
[av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf6dfac0] Current frame rate is unsupported
[av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf6dfac0] Current picture structure is unsupported
[av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf6dfac0] Current resolution is unsupported
[av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf6dfac0] Current pixel format is unsupported
[av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf6dfac0] some encoding parameters are not supported by the QSV runtime. Please double check the input parameters.
[vost#0:0/av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf622400] Error while opening encoder - maybe incorrect parameters such as bit_rate, rate, width or height.
[fc#0 @ 0x5cb8bf497400] Error sending frames to consumers: Function not implemented
[fc#0 @ 0x5cb8bf497400] Task finished with error code: -38 (Function not implemented)
[fc#0 @ 0x5cb8bf497400] Terminating thread with return code -38 (Function not implemented)
[vost#0:0/av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf622400] Could not open encoder before EOF
[vost#0:0/av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf622400] Task finished with error code: -22 (Invalid argument)
[vost#0:0/av1_qsv @ 0x5cb8bf622400] Terminating thread with return code -22 (Invalid argument)
[out#0/mp4 @ 0x5cb8bf620500] Nothing was written into output file, because at least one of its streams received no packets.
frame= 0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize= 0KiB time=N/A bitrate=N/A speed=N/A
Conversion failed!

I could really use some help here. I think I have the gpu passed through based on /dev/dri and vainfo. I've searched some of the errors in the FFMPEG output and think this could be related to any of:
-something called GUC
-somehow trying to use low power mode (though I don't see that in the FFMPEG command
-i915 firmware

I will greatly appreciate any help anyone can offer as this has been driving me batty for a few days.
 
I've made some progress, maybe...

It seems AV1 encoding is not possible with this CPU. I've tried H264 QSV encoding but gotten the same errors. I've also tried H264 VAAPI and received an error about a subtitle stream in the file. Seeing what I can do about that.
 
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