You could assign the physical disk to the VM like this:
qm set <vmid> --sata0 /dev/disk/by-id/ata-xxxxxxxx
If it is a somewhat recent Linux (Kernel 2.6 or later) you could also use "scsi" as bus type:
qm set <vmid> --scsi /dev/disk/by-id/xxxxx,ssd=1,discard=on,iothread=1
Then enable scsi0 as boot option in the Options of the VM. Make sure that the BIOS type matches, OVMF if it booted in UEFI mode, SeaBIOS if it was booting in legacy BIOS mode.