How to recover VM disk from proxmox?

VERY slim chances .... a recovery specialist may be of help.

Depends on the storage and what you did afterwards? If this would be thick LVM, you may have a chance creating the same disk size from the CLI manually, the data is normally not overwritten. IIRC, PVE will zero out the data on disk creating, so do not create it via the GUI.
If it is a qcow2 or raw file, it is very hard to get the whole VM, but you may recover small disk parts / files with such tools.