No this is not possible, since VM backups are block based not file based (meaning the whole disk is backed up and the backup client has no idea about the internal file structure of the disk
one workaround would be to move that data onto its own disk, and exclude that whole disk from backup (but there are some caveats w.r.t. how excluded disks are handled when restoring from a backup).
That sounds like a plan, I'll look into it - thanks!