*taps chin* Thinking on this, EFI does have some flexibility, I'm wondering if adding a small disk to the KVM, and then copying the Fedora bootloader to it, might be a workaround for now; such a disk should be directly accessible from the Proxmox options menu for the KVM.
If you want to be slightly fancier, you can also make a boot/shutdown script that copies the EFI loader when it changes during upgrades.
Note: Only a temporary workaround, but enough to get you started so you can look in on the problem every so often. Also, I've personally not tried this yet, but it looks like a logical approach. Mira should be able to point you at a better fix, now there is a bit more info regarding the arrangement of boot devices.