How to solve fault tolerance?

You may achieve fault tolerance at application level. Some DBMS can operate in cluster mode (Galera Cluster, MySQL Cluster, Percona XtraDB Cluster, Oracle RAC, etc).
 
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As Proxmox VE currently lacking with Fault Tolerance (FT) feature, you can opt for MS SQL AlwaysOn Databases, MariaBD Galera Cluster,etc., or Severalnines is a promising solution for such situations for Database availability.