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I have a quite old Dell R310 with a Xeon X3440 @ 2.53GHz, with the latest Dell BIOS and various firmwares (they should be patched for Spectre/Meltdown). I have installed the latest PVE and set up 2 Linux VMs. (Devuan 2, basically a Debian 9 without systemd) I have 5% to 6% cpu always in use...

Regarding swap on ZFS, I have found this information: https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfs/wiki/FAQ#using-a-zvol-for-a-swap-device Note that AFAIK PVE does not set these parameters as stated on the FAQ

Mbaldini, I have read elsewhere (on PVE wiki, too) about this configuration. I will try it, but I need to schedule a maintenance window on the server, and I have to HOPE that something does not go wrong, otherwise I will end up with a server that does not boot any more.

I'm still struggling with ZFS eating up too much of my RAM. I have disabled swap (swapoff -a) completely on the PVE host, and since that day, no more reboots. No more reboots, true, but now VMs get killed when RAM (on host) is exhausted, and ARC cache does not even try to decrease its RAM...

Mfgamma, how frequently? I have an host rebooting every 2 days, another just sometimes, like every month or so...

I am investigating 2 incidents that seem to be similar. On 2 different PVE servers, both running ZFS with raidz (mirroring with 2 disks), I experience random reboots during backups of KVM machines. (no clustering, single hosts) Both server are low on RAM. One has 8 GB RAM and a single VM with 1...