When attempting ping -I vmbr1 172.16.0.1, arp seems to be the problem.
tcpdump -ennqti vmbr1 \( arp or icmp \)
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on vmbr1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
68:1c:a2:13:2c:85 >...